Compatibility
Excel 2007 (Compatibility)
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=TDIST()
Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution where a numeric value (x) is a calculated value of t for which the Percentage Points are to be computed. The t-distribution is used in the hypothesis testing of small sample data sets. Use this function in place of a table of critical values for the t-distribution. For more information about the new functions, see T.DIST.2T function and T.DIST.RT function.
Applies To:
Excel for Microsoft 365Excel for Microsoft 365 for MacExcel 2024Excel 2024 for MacExcel 2021Excel 2021 for MacExcel 2019Excel 2016
=TDIST(x,deg_freedom,tails)
Hover argument names in the table for details.
Output typeNumber
Popularity12 / 100
VolatileNo
Dynamic ArrayNo
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◧ Arguments
| Argument | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
x |
Number | Required | The numeric value at which to evaluate the distribution. |
deg_freedom |
Number | Required | An integer indicating the number of degrees of freedom. |
tails |
Number | Required | Specifies the number of distribution tails to return. If Tails = 1, TDIST returns the one-tailed distribution. If Tails = 2, TDIST returns the two-tailed distribution. |
▣ Examples
▦ Data
| Cell | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
A2 |
1.959999998 | Value at which to evaluate the distribution |
A3 |
60 | Degrees of freedom |
A4 |
1.959999998 | Value at which to evaluate the distribution |
A5 |
60 | Degrees of freedom |
Two-tailed distribution (0.054644930, or 5.46 percent)
=TDIST(A2,A3,2)
Result:
5.46%
One-tailed distribution (0.027322465 or 2.73 percent)
=TDIST(A2,A3,1)
Result:
2.73%
§ Remarks
- If any argument is non-numeric, TDIST returns the #VALUE! error value.
- If Deg_freedom < 1, TDIST returns the #NUM! error value.
- The Deg_freedom and Tails arguments are truncated to integers.
- If Tails is any value other than 1 or 2, TDIST returns the #NUM! error value.
- If x < 0, then TDIST returns the #NUM! error value.
- If Tails = 1, TDIST is calculated as TDIST = P( X>x ), where X is a random variable that follows the t-distribution. If Tails = 2, TDIST is calculated as TDIST = P(|X| > x) = P(X > x or X < -x).
- Since x < 0 is not allowed, to use TDIST when x < 0, note that TDIST(-x,df,1) = 1 – TDIST(x,df,1) = P(X > -x) and TDIST(-x,df,2) = TDIST(x,df,2) = P(|X| > x).
✦ Tips
- This function has been replaced with one or more new functions that may provide improved accuracy and whose names better reflect their usage. Although this function is still available for backward compatibility, you should consider using the new functions from now on, because this function may not be available in future versions of Excel.
- The Deg_freedom and Tails arguments are truncated to integers.
- If Tails = 1, TDIST is calculated as TDIST = P( X>x ), where X is a random variable that follows the t-distribution. If Tails = 2, TDIST is calculated as TDIST = P(|X| > x) = P(X > x or X < -x).
- Since x < 0 is not allowed, to use TDIST when x < 0, note that TDIST(-x,df,1) = 1 – TDIST(x,df,1) = P(X > -x) and TDIST(-x,df,2) = TDIST(x,df,2) = P(|X| > x).
⚠ Common Errors
#VALUE!
If any argument is non-numeric, TDIST returns the #VALUE! error value.
Fix: مطمئن شوید X و Deg_freedom و Tails همگی عددی هستند.
#NUM!
If Deg_freedom < 1, TDIST returns the #NUM! error value. If Tails is any value other than 1 or 2, TDIST returns the #NUM! error value. If x < 0, then TDIST returns the #NUM! error value.
Fix: Enter allowed values
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